2018 Changes to the Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure, 2019 Edition Now Available
In 2018 the Louisiana Legislature changed several of the Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure articles. The changes have already gone into effect. The new Code of Civil Procedure articles are copied below. The actual acts of the Louisiana Legislature are attached.
As of November 1, 2018, the Gulf Coast Legal Publishing’s 2019 Code of Civil Procedure is available for purchase via Amazon and www.GulfCoastLegalPublishing.com.
Art. 194. Power of district court to act in chambers; signing orders and judgments
The following orders and judgments may be signed by the district judge in chambers:
(1) Order directing the taking of an inventory; judgment decreeing or homologating a partition, when unopposed; judgment probating a testament ex parte; order directing the execution of a testament; order confirming or appointing a legal representative, when unopposed; order appointing an undertutor or an undercurator; order appointing an attorney at law to represent an absent, incompetent, or unrepresented person, or an attorney for an absent heir; order authorizing the sale of property of an estate administered by a legal representative; order directing the publication of the notice of the filing of a tableau of distribution, or of an account, by a legal representative; judgment recognizing heirs or legatees and sending them into possession, when unopposed; all orders for the administration and settlement of a succession, or for the administration of an estate by a legal representative;
(2) Order to show cause; order directing the issuance and providing the security to be furnished by a party for the issuance of a writ of attachment or sequestration; order directing the release of property seized under a writ of attachment or sequestration and providing the security to be furnished therefor; order for the issuance of a temporary restraining order and providing the security therefor; order for the issuance of a writ, or alternative writ, of habeas corpus, mandamus, or quo warranto;
(3) Order for the seizure and sale of property in an executory proceeding;
(4) Order for the taking of testimony by deposition; for the production of documentary evidence; for the production of documents and things for inspection, copying, or photographing; for permission to enter land for the purpose of measuring, surveying, or photographing;
(5) Order or judgment deciding or otherwise disposing of an action, proceeding, or matter which may be tried or heard in chambers;
(6) Order or judgment that may be granted on ex parte motion or application, except an order of appeal on an oral motion; and
(7) Any other order or judgment not specifically required by law to be signed in open court.
Acts 2018, No. 195, §1.
Art. 196.1. Power of courts to act during emergencies
- A district court or a court of limited jurisdiction may sign orders and judgments while outside of its territorial jurisdiction during an emergency or disaster declared as such pursuant to R.S. 29:724(B) if the emergency or disaster prevents the court from operating in its own jurisdiction.
- The court shall indicate the location where the order or judgment was signed on any order or judgment signed outside of the court’s territorial jurisdiction pursuant to this Article.
Acts 2018, No. 275, §1.
Art. 253. Pleadings, documents, and exhibits to be filed with clerk
- All pleadings or documents to be filed in an action or proceeding instituted or pending in a court, and all exhibits introduced in evidence, shall be delivered to the clerk of the court for such purpose. The clerk shall endorse thereon the fact and date of filing and shall retain possession thereof for inclusion in the record, or in the files of his office, as required by law. The endorsement of the fact and date of filing shall be made upon receipt of the pleadings or documents by the clerk and shall be made without regard to whether there are orders in connection therewith to be signed by the court.
- The filings as provided in Paragraph A of this Article and all other provisions of this Chapter, may be transmitted electronically in accordance with a system established by a clerk of court. When a clerk of court establishes such a system, he shall adopt and implement procedures for the electronic filing and storage of any pleading, document, or exhibit. The official record shall be the electronic record. A pleading or document filed electronically is deemed filed on the date and time stated on the confirmation of electronic filing sent from the clerk of court. Public access to electronically filed pleadings and documents shall be in accordance with the rules governing access to written filings.
- A judge or justice presiding over a court in this state may sign a court order, notice, official court document, and other writings required to be executed in connection with court proceedings, by use of an electronic signature as defined by R.S. 9:2602. The various courts shall provide by court rule for the method of electronic signature to be used and to ensure the authenticity of the electronic signature.
- Any pleading or document in a traffic or criminal action may be filed with the court by facsimile transmission in compliance with the provision of the Code of Criminal Procedure Article 14.1.
- The clerk shall not refuse to accept for filing any pleading or other document signed by electronic signature, as defined by R.S. 9:2602, and executed in connection with court proceedings, solely on the ground that it was signed by electronic signature.
Amended by Acts 1980, No. 355, §1; Acts 1985, No. 457, §1; Acts 2001, No. 319, §2; Acts 2010, No. 461, §1; Acts 2014, No. 606, §1; Acts 2017, No. 419, §4, eff. Jan. 1, 2018.
Art. 853. Caption of pleadings; adoption by reference; exhibits
Every pleading shall contain a caption setting forth the name of the court, the title and number of the action, and a designation of the pleading. The title of the action shall state the name of the first party on each side with an appropriate indication of other parties.
A statement in a pleading may be adopted by reference in a different part of the same pleading or in another pleading in the same court. A copy of any written instrument that is an exhibit to a pleading is a part thereof.
Acts 2018, No. 195, §1.
Art. 855. Pleading special matters; capacity
Except as otherwise provided by law, it is not necessary to allege the capacity of a party to sue or be sued or the authority of a party to sue or be sued in a representative capacity or the legal existence of a legal entity or an organized association of persons made a party. Such procedural capacity shall be presumed, unless challenged by the dilatory exception.
Acts 2018, No. 195, §1.
Art. 1292. Sheriff’s return
- The sheriff shall endorse on a copy of the citation or other process the date, place, and method of service and sufficient other data to show service in compliance with law. He shall sign and return the copy promptly after the service to the clerk of court who issued it. The return, when received by the clerk, shall form part of the record, and shall be considered prima facie correct. The court, at any time and upon such terms as are just, may allow any process or proof of service thereof to be amended, unless it clearly appears that material prejudice would result to the substantial rights of the party against whom the process issued.
- In addition to the provisions of Paragraph A of this Article, when the citation or other process is a temporary restraining order, protective order, preliminary injunction, permanent injunction, or court-approved consent agreement as referenced in R.S. 46:2136.2(B), the person making the service, or his designee, shall transmit proof of service to the judicial administrator’s office, Louisiana Supreme Court, for entry into the Louisiana Protective Order Registry, as provided in R.S. 46:2136.2(A), by facsimile transmission or direct electronic input as expeditiously as possible, but no later than the end of the next business day after making service, exclusive of weekends and holidays. This proof shall include, at a minimum, the case caption, docket number, type of order, serving agency and officer, and the date and time service was made.
Acts 2018, No. 679, §1.
Art. 1293. Service by private person
- When the sheriff has not made service within ten days after receipt of the process or when a return has been made certifying that the sheriff has been unable to make service, whichever is earlier, on motion of a party the court shall appoint a person over the age of majority, not a party and residing within the state whom the court deems qualified to perform the duties required, to make service of process in the same manner as is required of sheriffs. Service of process made in this manner shall be proved like any other fact in the case. Any person who is a Louisiana licensed private investigator shall be presumed qualified to perform the duties required to make service.
- In serving notice of a summary proceeding as provided by Article 2592 or a subpoena which is related to the proceeding, on motion of a party the court shall have the discretion to appoint any person over the age of majority, not a party and residing within the state, to make service of process, notices, and subpoenas in the same manner as is required of sheriffs, without first requiring the sheriff to attempt service. The party making such a motion shall include the reasons, verified by affidavit, necessary to forego service by the sheriff, which shall include but not be limited to the urgent emergency nature of the hearing, knowledge of the present whereabouts of the person to be served, as well as any other good cause shown.
- In addition to those natural persons who the court may appoint to make service of process pursuant to Paragraph A or B of this Article, the court may also appoint a juridical person which may then select an employee or agent of that juridical person to make service of process, provided the employee or agent perfecting service of process is a natural person who qualifies as an agent for service of process pursuant to Paragraph A or B of this Article.
- In addition to the provisions of Paragraph A of this Article, when the citation or other process is a temporary restraining order, protective order, preliminary injunction, permanent injunction, or court-approved consent agreement as referenced in R.S. 46:2136.2(B), the person making the service, or his designee, shall transmit proof of service to the judicial administrator’s office, Louisiana Supreme Court, for entry into the Louisiana Protective Order Registry, as provided in R.S. 46:2136.2(A), by facsimile transmission or direct electronic input as expeditiously as possible, but no later than the end of the next business day after making service, exclusive of weekends and holidays. This proof shall include, at a minimum, the case caption, docket number, type of order, serving agency and officer, and the date and time service was made.
Acts 1984, No. 210, §1; Acts 2006, No. 704, §1, eff. June 29, 2006; Acts 2010, No. 185, §1; Acts 2010, No. 466, §1, eff. June 22, 2010; Acts 2012, No. 521, §1; Acts 2018, No. 679, §1.
Art. 1392. Proof of statutes
The court shall take judicial notice of the laws of the United States, of every state, territory, and other jurisdiction of the United States as provided by Code of Evidence Article 202.
Acts 2018, No. 184, §1.
Art. 1458. Interrogatories to parties; procedures for use
- Each interrogatory shall be answered separately and fully in writing under oath, unless it is objected to, in which event the reasons for objection shall be stated in lieu of an answer. The written answer or reasons for objection to each interrogatory shall immediately follow a restatement of the interrogatory to which the answer or objection is responding. The answers are to be signed by the person making them. When interrogatories are served on a specific party, that party shall verify he has read and confirmed the answers and objections. The party upon whom the interrogatories have been served shall serve a copy of the answers, and objections if any, within thirty days after the service of the interrogatories, except as set forth in Paragraph B of this Article. The court may allow a shorter or longer time. The party submitting the interrogatories may move for an order under Article 1469 with respect to any objection to or other failure to answer an interrogatory.
- The delay for serving a copy of the answers to interrogatories in family law cases, including divorce, custody, spousal and child support, community property, and matters incidental to family law proceedings, shall be fifteen days after service of the discovery, unless the interrogatories are served with an original petition, in which case the party who has been served shall have thirty days from the date of service to serve a copy of the answers to interrogatories.
Acts 1976, No. 574, §1; Acts 1993, No. 416, §1; Acts 2010, No. 682, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2011; Acts 2016, No. 132, §1; Acts 2018, No. 135, §1.
Art. 1462. Production of documents and things; entry upon land; procedure
- The request under Article 1461 may, without leave of court, be served upon the plaintiff after commencement of the action and upon any other party with or after service of the petition upon that party. The request shall set forth the items to be inspected either by individual item or by category, and describe each item and category with reasonable particularity. The request shall specify a reasonable time, place, and manner of making the inspection and performing the related acts. The request may specify the form or forms in which information, including electronically stored information, is to be produced.
B.(1) The party upon whom the request is served shall serve a written response within thirty days after service of the request, except as set forth in Subparagraph (2) of this Paragraph. The court may allow a shorter or longer time. With respect to each item or category, the response shall state that inspection and related activities will be permitted as requested, unless the request is objected to, in which event the reasons for objection shall be stated. If objection is made to part of an item or category, the part shall be specified. The written answer or reasons for objection to each request for production of documents shall immediately follow a restatement of the request for production of documents to which the answer or objection is responding. The party submitting the request may move for an order under Article 1469 with respect to any objection to or other failure to respond to the request, or any part thereof, or any failure to permit inspection as requested. If objection is made to the requested form or forms for producing information, including electronically stored information, or if no form was specified in the request, the responding party shall state in its response the form or forms it intends to use.
(2) The delay for serving a copy of the responses to requests in family law cases, including divorce, custody, spousal and child support, community property, and matters incidental to family law proceedings, shall be fifteen days after service of the discovery, unless the request is served with an original petition, in which case the party who has been served shall have thirty days from the date of service to serve a copy of the answers to the request.
(3) A party need not provide discovery of electronically stored information from sources that the party identifies as not reasonably accessible because of undue burden or cost. On motion to compel discovery or for a protective order, the party from whom discovery is sought shall show that the information is not reasonably accessible because of undue burden or cost. If that showing is made, the court may nonetheless order discovery from such sources if the requesting party shows good cause. The court may specify conditions for the discovery considering the criteria and limitations of Article 1426.
- A party who produces documents for inspection shall produce them as they are kept in the usual course of business or shall organize and label them to correspond with the categories of the request. If a request does not specify the form or forms for producing information, including electronically stored information, a responding party shall produce the information in a form or forms in which it is ordinarily maintained or in a form or forms that are reasonably usable. When electronically stored information is produced, the responding party shall identify the specific means for electronically accessing the information.
- Unless otherwise ordered by the court, a party need not produce the same information, including electronically stored information, in more than one form.
- If the requesting party considers that the production of designated electronically stored information is not in compliance with the request, the requesting party may move under Article 1469 for an order compelling discovery, and in addition to the other relief afforded by Article 1469, upon a showing of good cause by the requesting party, the court may order the responding party to afford access under specified conditions and scope to the requesting party, the representative of the requesting party, or the designee of the court to the computers or other types of devices used for the electronic storage of information to inspect, copy, test, and sample the designated electronically stored information within the scope of Articles 1422 and 1425.
Acts 1976, No. 574, §1. Amended by Acts 1982, No. 451, §1; Acts 2007, No. 140, §1; Acts 2010, No. 185, §1; Acts 2010, No. 682, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2011; Acts 2014, No. 655, §1; Acts 2016, No. 132, §1; Acts 2018, No. 135, §1.
Art. 1471. Failure to comply with order compelling discovery; sanctions
- If a party or an officer, director, or managing agent of a party or a person designated under Article 1442 or 1448 to testify on behalf of a party fails to obey an order to provide or permit discovery, including an order made under Article 1464 or 1469, the court in which the action is pending may make such orders in regard to the failure as are just, including any of the following:
(1) An order that the matters regarding which the order was made or any other designated facts shall be taken to be established for the purposes of the action in accordance with the claim of the party obtaining the order.
(2) An order refusing to allow the disobedient party to support or oppose designated claims or defenses, or prohibiting him from introducing designated matters in evidence.
(3) An order striking out pleadings or parts thereof, or staying further proceedings until the order is obeyed, or dismissing the action or proceeding or any part thereof, or rendering a final default judgment against the disobedient party upon presentation of proof as required by Article 1702.
(4) In lieu of any of the foregoing orders or in addition thereto, an order treating as a contempt of court the failure to obey any orders except an order to submit to a physical or mental examination.
(5) Where a party has failed to comply with an order under Article 1464, requiring him to produce another for examination, such orders as are listed in Subparagraphs (1), (2), and (3) of this Paragraph, unless the party failing to comply shows that he is unable to produce such person for examination.
- Absent exceptional circumstances, a court may not impose sanctions under this Article on a person or party for failing to provide electronically stored information lost as a result of the routine, good-faith operation of an electronic information system.
- In lieu of any of the foregoing orders or in addition thereto, the court shall require the party failing to obey the order or the attorney advising him or both to pay the reasonable expenses, including attorney fees, caused by the failure, unless the court finds that the failure was substantially justified or that other circumstances make an award of expenses unjust.
Acts 1976, No. 574, §1; Acts 2008, No. 824, §3, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2018, No. 195, §1.
Art. 1551. Pretrial and scheduling conference; order
- In any civil action in a district court the court may in its discretion direct the attorneys for the parties to appear before it for conferences to consider any of the following:
(1) The simplification of the issues, including the elimination of frivolous claims or defenses.
(2) The necessity or desirability of amendments to the pleadings.
(3) What material facts and issues exist without substantial controversy, and what material facts and issues are actually and in good faith controverted.
(4) Proof, stipulations regarding the authenticity of documents, and advance rulings from the court on the admissibility of evidence.
(5) Limitations or restrictions on or regulation of the use of expert testimony under Louisiana Code of Evidence Article 702.
(6) The control and scheduling of discovery including any issues relating to disclosure or discovery of electronically stored information, and the form or forms in which it should be produced.
(7) Any issues relating to claims of privilege or protection of trial preparation material, and whether the court should include agreements between counsel relating to such issues in an order.
(8) The identification of witnesses, documents, and exhibits.
(9) The presentation of testimony or other evidence by electronic devices.
(10) Such other matters as may aid in the disposition of the action.
- The court shall render an order which recites the action taken at the conference, the amendments allowed to the pleadings, and the agreements made by the parties as to any of the matters considered, and which limits the issues for trial to those not disposed of by admissions or agreements of counsel. Such order controls the subsequent course of the action, unless modified at the trial to prevent manifest injustice.
- If a party’s attorney fails to obey a pretrial order, or to appear at the pretrial and scheduling conference, or is substantially unprepared to participate in the conference or fails to participate in good faith, the court, on its own motion or on the motion of a party, after hearing, may make such orders as are just, including orders provided in Article 1471 (2), (3), and (4). In lieu of or in addition to any other sanction, the court may require the party or the attorney representing the party or both to pay the reasonable expenses incurred by noncompliance with this Paragraph, including attorney fees.
- If a suit has been pending for more than one year since the date of filing of the original petition and no trial date has been assigned, upon motion of any party, the court shall set the matter for conference for the purpose of resolving all matters subject to the provisions of this Article, including the scheduling of discovery, assignment for trial, and any other matters that will expedite the resolution of the suit. The conference may be conducted in chambers, by telephone, or by video teleconference.
Acts 1997, No. 1056, §1; Acts 2008, No. 824, §3, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2018, No. 254, §1.
Art. 1913. Notice of judgment
- Except as otherwise provided by law, notice of the signing of a final judgment, including a partial final judgment under Article 1915, is required in all contested cases, and shall be mailed by the clerk of court to the counsel of record for each party, and to each party not represented by counsel.
- Notice of the signing of a final default judgment against a defendant on whom citation was not served personally, or on whom citation was served through the secretary of state, and who filed no exception, answer, or other pleading, shall be served on the defendant by the sheriff, by either personal or domiciliary service, or in the case of a defendant originally served through the secretary of state, by service on the secretary of state.
- Except when service is required under Paragraph B of this Article, notice of the signing of a final default judgment shall be mailed by the clerk of court to the defendant at the address where personal service was obtained or to the last known address of the defendant.
- The clerk shall file a certificate in the record showing the date on which, and the counsel and parties to whom, notice of the signing of the judgment was mailed.
- Repealed by Acts 2008, No. 824, §5, eff. Jan. 1, 2009.
Amended by Acts 1961, No. 23, §1; Acts 1968, No. 127, §1; Acts 1990, No. 1000, §1; Acts 1992, No. 700, §1; Acts 1999, No. 1263, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2000; Acts 2001, No. 512, §1; Acts 2006, No. 337, §1; Acts 2008, No. 824, §5, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2017, No. 419, §1; Acts 2018, No. 195, §1.
Art. 2164.1. Assignment of appellate panels
The provisions of R.S. 13:319 shall be applicable to assignment of appellate panels.
Acts 2018, No. 658, §2.
Art. 2376. Release of inferior mortgages, liens, and privileges
The sheriff shall give the purchaser a release from the security interest, mortgage, lien, or privilege of the seizing creditor, and from all inferior security interests, mortgages, liens, and privileges, and he shall direct the clerk of court or proper filing officer to cancel or partially release their inscriptions insofar as they affect the property sold.
Acts 1989, No. 137, §18, eff. Sept. 1, 1989; Acts 2018, No. 452, §1.
Art. 3422. Court costs; compensation
In judicial proceedings under this Title, the following schedule of costs, compensation, and fees shall prevail:
(1) Court costs for successions valued less than one hundred twenty-five thousand dollars shall be one-half the court costs in similar proceedings in larger successions, but the minimum costs in any case shall be five dollars; and
(2) The compensation of the succession representative shall be not more than five percent of the gross assets of the succession.
Acts 2017, No. 96, §1; Acts 2018, No. 422, §1.
Art. 3952. Rule to show cause and affidavit
The rule to show cause provided in Civil Code Article 102 shall allege proper service of the initial petition for divorce, that the requisite period of time, in accordance with Civil Code Article 103.1, or more has elapsed since that service, and that the spouses have lived separate and apart continuously for the requisite period of time, in accordance with Civil Code Article 103.1. The rule to show cause shall be verified by the affidavit of the mover and shall be served on the defendant, the defendant’s attorney of record, or the duly appointed attorney for the defendant prior to the granting of the divorce, unless service is waived by the defendant.
Acts 1990, No. 1009, §5, eff. Jan. 1, 1991; Acts 1995, No. 386, §2; Acts 2006, No. 743, §2, eff. Jan. 1, 2007; Acts 2018, No. 195, §1.
Art. 4272. Court approval of payments to minor
Court approval of payments to a minor shall be governed by the provisions of Article 4521.
Acts 1993, No. 867, §1, eff. June 23, 1993; Acts 1995, No. 122, §1; Acts 2008, No. 716, §1; Acts 2018, No. 607, §1.
Art. 4521. Payments to minor
- In approving any proposal by which a minor is to be paid funds as the result of a judgment or settlement, the court may order:
(1) That the funds be paid directly into the registry of the court for the minor’s account, to be withdrawn only upon approval of the court. Withdrawn funds shall be invested directly in an interest-bearing investment as approved by the court unless the court for good cause approves another disposition.
(2) That the funds be invested directly in an interest-bearing investment approved by the court, unless the court for good cause approves another disposition.
(3) That the funds be placed in trust in accordance with the Louisiana Trust Code to be administered by an individual or corporate trustee as determined by the court.
(4) That the funds be paid under a structured settlement agreement as approved by the court that provides for periodic payments and is underwritten by a financially responsible entity that assumes responsibility for future payments.
(5) Any combination of Subparagraphs (1) through (4) of this Paragraph.
- In approving any proposal by which funds will be paid to an unemancipated minor who is in the legal custody of the Department of Children and Family Services, the court shall order that the funds be placed in trust in accordance with the Louisiana Trust Code and the provisions of Article 4269.1, to be administered by an individual or corporate trustee as determined by the court.
- In determining whether a proposed periodic payment schedule is in the best interest of the minor, the court shall consider the following factors:
(1) Age and life expectancy of the minor.
(2) Current and anticipated financial needs of the minor.
(3) Income and estate tax implications.
(4) Impact on eligibility for government benefits.
(5) Present value of the proposed payment arrangement and the method by which the value is calculated.
Added by Acts 1984, No. 296, §1; Acts 2008, No. 716, §1; Acts 2015, No. 260, §2, eff. Jan. 1, 2016; Acts 2018, No. 607, §1.
Art. 5059. Computation of time
- In computing a period of time allowed or prescribed by law or by order of court, the date of the act, event, or default after which the period begins to run is not to be included. The last day of the period is to be included, unless it is a legal holiday, in which event the period runs until the end of the next day which is not a legal holiday.
- A half-holiday is considered as a legal holiday. A legal holiday is to be included in the computation of a period of time allowed or prescribed, except when:
(1) It is expressly excluded;
(2) It would otherwise be the last day of the period; or
(3) The period is less than seven days.
C.(1) A legal holiday shall be excluded in the computation of a period of time allowed or prescribed to seek rehearing, reconsideration, or judicial review or appeal of a decision or order by an agency in the executive branch of state government.
(2) Subparagraph (1) of this Paragraph shall not apply to the computation of a period of time allowed or prescribed to seek rehearing, reconsideration, or judicial review or appeal of a decision or order by the Department of Revenue.
Acts 2018, No. 128, §1.